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World > North America > Guatemala
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Guatemala |
Introduction:
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The Mayan civilization flourished in Guatemala and surrounding regions during the first millennium A.D. After almost three centuries as a Spanish colony, Guatemala won its independence in 1821. During the second half of the 20th century, it experienced a variety of military and civilian governments, as well as a 36-year guerrilla war. In 1996, the government signed a peace agreement formally ending the conflict, which had left more than 100,000 people dead and had created, by some estimates, some 1 million refugees.
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| Official name: |
Republic of Guatemala |
| Capital: |
name: Guatemala
geographic coordinates: 14 37 N, 90 31 W
time difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in April; ends last Friday in September; note - there is no DST planned f |
| Government type: |
constitutional democratic republic |
| Population: |
12,728,111 (July 2007 est.) |
| Languages: |
Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca) |
| Official Currency: |
Guatemalan Quetzal (GTQ) |
| Currency code: |
GTQ |
| Area: |
total: 108,890 sq km
land: 108,430 sq km
water: 460 sq km |
| Climate: |
tropical; hot, humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands |
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Map of Guatemala
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