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World > Africa >
Chad > Geography (Facts)
| Location: |
Central Africa, south of Libya |
| Geographic coordinates: |
15 00 N, 19 00 E |
| Map references: |
Africa |
| Area: |
total: 1.284 million sq km
land: 1,259,200 sq km
water: 24,800 sq km |
| Area - comparative: |
slightly more than three times the size of California |
| Land boundaries: |
total: 5,968 km
border countries: Cameroon 1,094 km, Central African Republic 1,197 km, Libya 1,055 km, Niger 1,175 km, Nigeria 87 km, Sudan 1,360 km |
| Coastline: |
0 km (landlocked) |
| Maritime claims: |
none (landlocked) |
| Climate: |
tropical in south, desert in north |
| Terrain: |
broad, arid plains in center, desert in north, mountains in northwest, lowlands in south |
| Elevation extremes: |
lowest point: Djourab Depression 160 m
highest point: Emi Koussi 3,415 m |
| Natural resources: |
petroleum, uranium, natron, kaolin, fish (Lake Chad), gold, limestone, sand and gravel, salt |
| Land use: |
arable land: 2.8%
permanent crops: 0.02%
other: 97.18% (2005) |
| Irrigated land: |
300 sq km (2003) |
| Natural hazards: |
hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds occur in north; periodic droughts; locust plagues |
| Environment - current issues: |
inadequate supplies of potable water; improper waste disposal in rural areas contributes to soil and water pollution; desertification |
| Environment - international agreements: |
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping |
| Geography - note: |
landlocked; Lake Chad is the most significant water body in the Sahel |
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