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World > Europe >
Bulgaria > Geography (Facts)
Bulgaria - Geography (Facts) |
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Location: |
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Romania and Turkey |
Geographic coordinates: |
43 00 N, 25 00 E |
Map references: |
Europe |
Area: |
total: 110,910 sq km land: 110,550 sq km water: 360 sq km |
Area - comparative: |
slightly larger than Tennessee |
Land boundaries: |
total: 1,808 km border countries: Greece 494 km, Macedonia 148 km, Romania 608 km, Serbia 318 km, Turkey 240 km |
Coastline: |
354 km |
Maritime claims: |
territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
Climate: |
temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers |
Terrain: |
mostly mountains with lowlands in north and southeast |
Elevation extremes: |
lowest point: Black Sea 0 m highest point: Musala 2,925 m |
Natural resources: |
bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, coal, timber, arable land |
Land use: |
arable land: 29.94% permanent crops: 1.9% other: 68.16% (2005) |
Irrigated land: |
5,880 sq km (2003) |
Natural hazards: |
earthquakes, landslides |
Environment - current issues: |
air pollution from industrial emissions; rivers polluted from raw sewage, heavy metals, detergents; deforestation; forest damage from air pollution and resulting acid rain; soil contamination from heavy metals from metallurgical plants and industrial wastes |
Environment - international agreements: |
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
Geography - note: |
strategic location near Turkish Straits; controls key land routes from Europe to Middle East and Asia |
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